ЕТИЧНА СИСТЕМА ПУБЛІЧНОЇ СЛУЖБИ УКРАЇНИ
Є. М. Хриков

DOI: 10.32702/2307-2156-2020.3.6

УДК: 172:351(477)

Є. М. Хриков

ЕТИЧНА СИСТЕМА ПУБЛІЧНОЇ СЛУЖБИ УКРАЇНИ

Анотація

У статті охарактеризовано стан та визначено напрями подальшого розвитку етичної системи публічної служби України. Для реалізації мети дослідження було проаналізовано публікації у 15 фахових виданнях з публічного управління України за останні 5 років, статті у зарубіжних виданнях, ресурси Інтернету, які містять численні матеріали з проблеми етики публічних службовців майже всіх країн світу. У статті визначено складові етичної системи публічної служби. Виокремлено складові створили умови для аналізу досвіду побудови етичної системи публічної служби 30 країн світу.
У процесі дослідження було виокремлено найбільш характерні особливості етичної системи публічної служби, розповсюджені у розвинених країнах світу, та проведене їх порівняння з українськими реаліями.

Ключові слова: етична система; публічна служба; стан етики; напрями розвитку.

Література

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Ye. Khrikov

ETHICAL SYSTEM OF THE PUBLIC SERVICE OF UKRAINE

Summary

The article describes the state and defines the directions for the further development of the ethical system of the public service of Ukraine. To realize the research purpose, was analyzed publications in 15 professional editions on public administration of Ukraine over the last 5 years, articles in foreign publications, Internet resources that contain numerous materials on the ethics of public servants from countries from different regions of the world. The experience of solving problems was analyzed during the research, the ethics of the public service of Ukraine and the prospects for its further development.
The practical significance of the study is the possibility of using the developed recommendations for the further development of the ethical system of the public service of Ukraine.
The scientific novelty of the study is to determine the features of the ethical system of public service, identified on the basis of analysis of 30 countries of the world, justification of the structure of the ethical system of public service, determination of the state of the ethical system of public service of Ukraine and directions of its further development at the state, regional and level public service institutions.
The ethical system of public service in the investigation is considered as an integrated part of certain structural and functional components. The components of the ethical system of public service defined: egislative definition of requirements to the ethics of public service; scientific substantiation of the problem of public service ethics; ethical education for all categories of public servants; organization of advanced training on ethical issues of public service; organization of advanced training on ethical issues of public service; specialist institutions dealing with public service ethics issues; the activities of public servants on self-education; ethical codes, internal regulations of a particular state institution; participation of citizens and non-governmental organizations in solving the problem of ethics of public service; the activities of state institutions and local self-government to ensure the ethics of behavior of public servants; the direction of corporate culture to ensure the necessary level of ethics; a system for assessing and monitoring the level of ethics of public servants; means of stimulating ethical behavior; a style of management that can spiral, and may not promote ethical behavior of employees; the level of ethics for public servants and public service.
Separating the components of the ethical system of public service allowed to analyze the experience of 30 countries and Ukraine including. This made it possible to distinguish the most characteristic features of the ethical system of public service distributed in the developed countries of the world: direction of professional activity of employees to ensure the interests of citizens and society, prevention of possible abuse of power, violation of the law, corruption; consideration of the ethics of public service as a component of the corporate culture of the institution; developed character of ethical legislation; considerable attention to ethical codes (general, specialized, model); creation of special organs for coordination of activities in solving ethical problems; developed character of ethical training of public servants; consideration of ethics as an integral part of public administration; recognition of the leading role of managers in the formation of the ethical system of public service; considerable attention to ethical codes (general, specialized, model); creation of special institutions for coordinating activities on solving ethical problems; developed character of ethical training of public servants; consideration of ethics as an integral part of public administration; recognition of the leading role of managers in the formation of the ethical system of public service; considerable attention to ethical codes (general, specialized, model); creation of special institutions for coordinating activities on solving ethical problems; developed character of ethical training of public servants; consideration of ethics as an integral part of public administration; recognition of the leading role of managers in the formation of the ethical system of public service; involvement of the public in solving ethical problems; constant development of the ethical system; availability in addition to common features and certain national differences in the ethical systems of public service. Another feature of the formation of the ethical systems of public service is the strengthening of this process of cooperation between countries. Most clearly it is happening in the EU, in the ASEAN countries (in Thailand, the Resource Center for leadership development for the countries of the organization), the Caribbean countries, where the United States plays a leading role in the established cooperation.
The singular features made it possible to compare them with Ukrainian realities. There are no steady traditions of observance of ethical norms in the country, the distinction is between official ethics, which is declared by legislative documents, with traditional and corporate ethics, there are no traditions of public involvement in solving problems of public service ethics, there is no special difficult, systemic, which can not be solved with the help of only one or several mechanisms. The main condition for its solution is the intensive economic development of the country. In addition, only a public service that functions effectively can be ethical, focused on quality management standards and aimed at realizing the needs of society. Therefore, the development of the ethics of public service is an important mechanism for the development of public service. and improving the efficiency of the public service - one of the mechanisms for the introduction of ethics All of these problems must be addressed in a complex and simultaneous manner. But there is a need for concerted efforts to build the ethical system of public service at three levels: state, regional and equal public service institutions.
At the state level, it is necessary to ensure: Expanding the scope of masters training in public service. Introduction of the standards for the training of masters of public service in the academic discipline "Ethics of Public Service". The introduction of units that would specifically deal with issues of coordination of work on the professional ethics of public servants. Publishing literature on public service ethics issues, introducing ethical issues of periodicals, conferences. Development of methods for assessing the level of public service ethics. Organization of monitoring studies of the level of public service ethics. Development of seminars, trainings, problem and gaming situations for the system of professional development for public service ethics. Increased remuneration of public servants, development of communication assessments of public servants with the level of remuneration and their material and moral incentives. Introduction of ethical training at all levels of the education system of the country. Facilitating the development of leadership in the public service. Development of the Model Code of Honor of an Official of Local Self-Government. Formation of the ethical system of local self-government. Ensuring that anti-corruption bodies fulfill their functions. Development of mechanisms of interaction of civil society with state institutions, which will allow to effectively influence the state of ethics of public service. Strengthening the institute of administrative and disciplinary liability of public servants for violations of ethical norms. Improving the quality of public service leadership. Creation, taking into account the experience of developed countries, the mechanism of protection of the rights of public servants.
At the regional level, it is necessary to ensure: Organization of advanced training in the ethics of public service. Involvement of non-governmental organizations in addressing the problems of public service ethics, and the creation of public commissions on ethics. Organization of generalization and promotion of the experience of constructing the ethical system of certain public service bodies. Making citizens aware of the facts of violent violations of ethical norms and measures taken by them through the media through the media. Formation of a positive image of the public service. Development of transparency of public service. Creating a clear mechanism for considering citizens' appeals for violations of the rules of conduct by public officials.
At the level of a separate public service institution, it is necessary to ensure: Organization of self-education of public servants on ethical issues. Organizing an informal assessment of public servants based on ethical criteria. Organizing mentoring and facilitating the adaptation of public servants. Specification of official duties taking into account ethical aspects of behavior of public servants. Development of corporate culture, introduction of corporate codes, rituals, development of traditions of public authorities. Development of communication assessments of public servants with the level of remuneration and their material and moral encouragement. Transparency of procedures for the admission and dismissal of public servants.
An urgent issue for further research is the substantiation of mechanisms that will ensure the implementation of a simulated ethical system of public service.

Keywords: ethical system; public service; state of ethics; directions of development.

References

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№ 3 2020

Дата публікації: 2020-03-27

Кількість переглядів: 1601